What Diseases Are Cloves Traditionally Used For?
- Herbs around us
- Sep 27
- 3 min read
Updated: Oct 28
Introduction
Cloves (Syzygium aromaticum) are aromatic flower buds native to Indonesia but now used worldwide in cooking and natural remedies. Beyond flavor, cloves have a long history in Ayurveda, Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), and Middle Eastern herbal practices.
For centuries, cloves were believed to treat digestive problems, toothaches, infections, and even chronic conditions. But what diseases were they traditionally used for, and how does this align with modern science?
Digestive Disorders
Traditional use
In Ayurveda, cloves were prescribed for indigestion, bloating, and nausea. TCM practitioners also used them to “warm the stomach” and relieve hiccups.
Modern science
Eugenol, the main compound in cloves, stimulates digestive enzymes and reduces gas. Research shows clove extracts can help with gastric motility and may protect against ulcers by strengthening the stomach lining.
Dental and Oral Health
Traditional use
Cloves have been a go-to remedy for toothaches for centuries. Clove oil was often applied directly to painful gums.
Modern science
Dentistry still recognizes eugenol as a mild anesthetic and antiseptic. Clove oil is used in some dental products to reduce pain and fight oral bacteria.
Respiratory Conditions
Traditional use
Clove teas and infusions were consumed to relieve coughs, asthma, and bronchitis in traditional medicine systems.
Modern science
Cloves contain compounds with antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory effects. While they may soothe sore throats or coughs, they are not a cure for respiratory disease. Research supports their role as a supportive home remedy.
Infections and Wound Care
Traditional use
Cloves were applied to wounds or used in poultices to prevent infection.
Modern science
Studies confirm cloves’ antibacterial and antifungal activity against pathogens like E. coli and Candida albicans. However, clove oil must be diluted to avoid irritation.
Pain and Inflammation
Traditional use
Cloves were used for muscle pain, arthritis, and headaches in both Ayurveda and folk medicine.
Modern science
Eugenol acts as an anti-inflammatory compound by blocking certain pain pathways. Animal studies show clove extracts may reduce swelling and stiffness, though more human trials are needed.
Metabolic and Chronic Diseases
Traditional use
Cloves were thought to support general vitality and balance “humors” or body energies.
Modern science
Clove extracts have been studied for their role in regulating blood sugar and improving insulin sensitivity. While not a diabetes treatment, they may complement healthy diets.
Reproductive and Women’s Health
Traditional use
In Ayurveda, cloves were used to ease menstrual cramps and improve reproductive health.
Modern science
Limited evidence suggests eugenol may have mild muscle-relaxant effects, which could explain its use in easing cramping. More research is needed.
Myths vs. Evidence
Myth: Cloves cure cancer.
Fact: Lab studies suggest anti-cancer potential, but no evidence shows cloves cure or prevent cancer in humans.
Myth: Cloves alone can treat serious infections.
Fact: While antimicrobial, cloves cannot replace antibiotics or medical care.
Myth: Cloves reverse chronic diseases.
Fact: They may support wellness, but are not disease cures.
How Cloves Are Used Today
Culinary: Flavoring soups, curries, and baked goods.
Teas and infusions: For digestion and seasonal wellness.
Dental products: Eugenol is still used in dentistry.
Topical oils (diluted): For oral pain or antimicrobial support.
Safety Considerations
Culinary use is safe for most adults.
Concentrated oils can cause irritation or toxicity if swallowed.
People on blood thinners or diabetes medication should consult a doctor before using clove supplements.
Pregnant women should avoid high-dose clove extracts.
Frequently Asked Questions
Q: What diseases were cloves used for in the past?
A: Indigestion, toothaches, coughs, infections, and arthritis.
Q: Do cloves cure any disease today?
A: No. Cloves may help manage symptoms, but they are not a cure.
Q: Can cloves fight infections?
A: Yes, cloves have antimicrobial properties, but they should not replace prescribed medicine.
Q: Is clove oil safe for tooth pain?
A: Yes, when diluted and used short-term. Undiluted clove oil can burn gums.
Conclusion
Cloves have a rich history in traditional medicine, used for everything from digestion to dental pain and respiratory support. Modern science confirms many of these traditional uses, especially their antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and digestive benefits.
However, cloves are not a cure for disease. They are best used as a supportive spice—safe in food-level amounts, helpful in teas, and effective in oral care when used properly.
Their long-standing role in both tradition and science makes cloves a unique bridge between heritage remedies and modern wellness.
References
U.S. Food and Drug Administration. “Generally Recognized as Safe (GRAS).” Updated 2023.
Mayo Clinic. “Clove Oil and Traditional Uses.” 2022.
National Institutes of Health. “Eugenol and Its Biological Properties.” 2020.
Harvard Health Publishing. “Spices and Inflammation Research.” 2023.
Journal of Ethnopharmacology. “Cloves in Traditional Medicine Systems.” 2021.
